Stem cells are the body's foundational cells. Under the right conditions, they can develop into other types of cells, which is why they matter in medicine.
Your baby's cord blood contains hematopoietic stem cells, which form blood and immune cells. These are already used in established treatments for certain blood cancers, blood disorders and immune conditions. Cord tissue contains mesenchymal stem cells, which are being studied in ongoing research.
The important point for parents is simple. Birth is the only time these cells can be collected. You do not need to understand every detail of the science to make a good decision. You only need to know that this is a one time opportunity, and that we handle it with care.